Third-generation SATA interfaces run with a native transfer rate of 6.0 Gbit/s; taking
8b/10b encoding into account, the maximum uncoded transfer rate is 4.8 Gbit/s (
600 MB/s).
SATA - Wikipedia
The USB 3.0 transfer rate, marketed as
SuperSpeed USB (SS), can transfer signals at up to 5
Gbit/s with nominal data rate of
500 MB/s after encoding overhead,
USB 3.0 - Wikipedia
So, if the actual SATA 6G compatible storage device in question has sustained sequential write transfer speeds that do not exceed the 500 MB/s limit of the USB 3.0 by more than just a little bit, then logically, you won't gain much by moving it from the USB 3.0 to a faster interconnect such as, e.g., connecting via USB Type-C using the USB 3.2 gen 2
×1 specification (10 Gbit/s, or
1,212 MB/s when taking the 128b/132b encoding into account).
USB 3.0 - Wikipedia
On a side note, the USB 3.2 gen 2
×2 specification (20 Gbit/s, or
2,424 MB/s when taking the 128b/132b encoding into account) never really took off. Also note, USB 3.2 gen
1×1 = USB 3.1 gen 1 = USB 3.0 (each one of these three are synonymous to each other).